![]() The health of individual wells cannot be determined unless their production is continuously observed and compared to all other producing wells in the reservoir.īetween 19 a significant effort was made to develop suitable technologies offering real time or momentary data on the amount of oil and gas being produced by each well.Īfter more than 40 years of effort a small number of technologies are presently available and installed. As the well ages and the reservoir’s pressures change, flow rates and phase fractions change, confounding the accuracies needed to manage the production. To download a copy of this handbook for more articles, click here.įurthermore, the tank separator method is not able to continuously record production for all seven individual wells and assist in improving the overall reservoir performances even more challenging is custodial transfer for “allocation” distribution when a lease has many owners. Prior to the 1980s, the Oil and Gas industry used conventional metering (turbine, orifice, venturi, coriolis, etc.) calibrated for gas or liquid streams only and positioned on the exit gas or liquid pipes from the test separation tank, located in the gathering station of the oil or gas field.Įxpensive and cumbersome test separators are a common element in oil and gas facilities where each individual well is measured one at a time using field personnel in order to connect one well at a time.Īs an example, for seven wells coming from an oil lease field, the tank separator method is not conducive to continuous metering and monitoring more than a single well, individual well metering occurs only one day a week. Multiphase Flow Meters (MPFM) are a relatively new technology family of flow meters that offers improved management of oil and gas production. While GLIMS is fully able to indicate the ratio of gas – liquid as GVF and the total flow rate of gas and liquid it will indicate the amount of reservoir water in the liquid mixture, by using an additional, commercially available, “water cut meter.” In this way, local release of gaseous phase is almost eliminated, even for extreme operation conditions. GLIMS has been considering this aspect in its detailed design and therefore adopted a unique streamlined meter profile. The above statement is correct as long as the flow of gases and liquids are at thermodynamic equilibrium which, for some metering designs, is not sufficiently considered to be an important source of errors. For the given sample, thermodynamic equilibrium models (such as Peng- Robinson and others) are currently used to indicate the composition and amount of organic and inorganic components expected to be in the liquid and in the gaseous phases for known pressures and temperatures in the multiphase sensor metering zone. For any metering purposes the composition of gas and liquids is known and frequently measured through sampling and subsequent gas chromatography. The liquid “phase” could be a mixture of liquid oil components and formation water, as usually obtained from any oil reservoir, and the gas phase mixtures comprising reservoir gas mixed with gas released from liquids as the pressure of gas-liquid mixture is reduced from the reservoir deep location to the measuring point. Furthermore, the GLIMS operating principle applies mainly to mixtures of liquids and gas differentiated by two significantly different densities at the metering section. GLIMS is one of the newest entrants and it could potentially offer comparable accuracy with other providers of multiphase flow meters (MPFMs) today at significantly reduced CAPEX and OPEX.įor the purposes of this article and to better understand GLIMS’ operating principle, “multiphase flow” refers to mixtures of liquids and gases co-currently flowing through same wellbores. Th e need for dedicated multiphase metering devices has been steadily increasing as improved oil and gas reservoir management continues around the globe.Ī two-inch GLIMS prototype, mainly dedicated to smaller production facilities, is undergoing laboratory testing using the CGIS Flow Loop Facility. By Peter Toma, director, PR Toma Consulting Ltd., Max Fischer, president, Fischer Consulting Ltd., and Ross Waters, chairman, CGIS
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